In this Earth Science or Physical Science lab, students will gain an understanding of the three types of thermal energy transfer, conduction, radiation, and convection. Students will use hot, cold, and room temperature water to demonstrate convection by using food coloring. Students will then see how long chocolate chips take to melt when you add heat to just one side of some tin foil. Finally, they will use heat lamps, thermometers, and dark and light-colored papers to demonstrate radiation and the absorption of radiated heat.

In this lab I have students observe what happens to water, which represents air, warms up and what happens to water as it cools down. Using a hot plate, a large glass cake pan, a bag of ice and food coloring can easily demonstrate how wind is formed. The demonstration can also be used in topics of high/low pressure, warm and cold fronts, mantle convection if you would like. The assignment, however, is for high and low pressure systems and wind.

This is a great video overview with interesting facts about president Ulysses S. Grant, produced by Disney.

This is a great video overview with interesting facts about President Benjamin Harrison, produced by Disney.

This is a great video overview with interesting facts about President William Taft, produced by Disney.

This is a great video overview with interesting facts about President Franklin D. Roosevelt, produced by Disney. Includes items like the Great Depression, Dust Bowl, WWII, Pearl Harbor, Japanese Internment, New Deal, and Fireside Chats.

This is a great video overview with interesting facts about Harry S. Truman, produced by Disney. Includes items like the atomic bomb, Japanese surrender in WWII, truman Doctrine, fight against communism, containment, The Cold War, began desegregation, and the Korean War.

This is a great video overview with interesting facts about President Lyndon B. Johnson (LBJ), produced by Disney. Includes items JFK Assassination, Great Society, Civil Rights Act of 1964, Civil Rights Movement, and the Vietnam War/ Vietnam Conflict. 

This is a great video overview with interesting facts about Richard Nixon, produced by Disney. Includes items of Vietnam War, Ping Pong Diplomacy in China, visits with Russia and the SALT treaty, Watergate, and the first President to resign the Presidency.

This is a wonderful short documentary about the life of President George Washington. It explains elements of his childhood and life at Mount Vernon to his role in the Revolutionary War and his role as President of The United States.